A heel spur is a bony growth or calcium deposit that forms on the underside of the heel bone (calcaneus). It often develops over time due to repetitive stress, strain, or irritation of the muscles and ligaments in the foot. Heel spurs are commonly associated with plantar fasciitis, a condition that involves inflammation of the thick band of tissue (plantar fascia) that runs along the bottom of the foot and connects the heel to the toes. However, not all heel spurs cause pain. In fact, many people with heel spurs don’t experience any symptoms, and the condition may only be discovered through an X-ray or imaging study when investigating other foot pain.
Causes:
- Repetitive Stress: Activities that place stress on the feet, such as running, jogging, or jumping.
- Foot Mechanics: Abnormal walking patterns, flat feet, or high arches can lead to improper weight distribution and strain on the heel.
- Obesity: Excess body weight puts additional stress on the feet, increasing the risk of heel spur formation.
- Improper Footwear: Wearing shoes with poor cushioning or support can also contribute to the development of heel spurs.
- Age: As people age, the natural padding under the heel decreases, making the heel bone more susceptible to stress.
Treatment:
- Rest and Ice: Resting the affected foot and applying ice can help reduce pain and inflammation.
- Orthotics: Custom shoe inserts can provide extra cushioning and support to relieve pressure on the heel.
- Stretching Exercises: Stretching the Achilles tendon and plantar fascia can help alleviate tension in the foot.
- Physical Therapy: A physical therapist can recommend exercises to improve foot mechanics and reduce strain.
- Anti-inflammatory Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help relieve pain and inflammation.
- Corticosteroid Injections: In severe cases, a doctor may recommend an injection to reduce inflammation.
- Surgery: In rare cases where conservative treatments are ineffective, surgery may be needed to remove the spur.
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